RESEARCHERS: P.H. Sikkema, D. Bilyea, T. Cowan, M. Elmes, K. Saunders and C. Shropshire.

OBJECTIVES: 1) To determine the tolerance of beans (lima), beans (snap), cole crops (broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower) ,corn (sweet), cucumbers, peas, peppers, pumpkins and squash to new herbicides.

2) To determine the spectrum of weeds controlled with herbicides applied alone and in tankmix combinations on processing vegetable crops.

METHODOLOGY:

Research studies were completed at Ridgetown College and the Huron Research Station. The trials consisted of small plots which were replicated four times. Herbicide treatments were applied with a CO₂ pressurized sprayer calibrated to deliver 200 L/ha at 240 kPa. The data collected included visual crop tolerance ratings, visual weed control ratings, crop heights and crop yields.

RESULTS:

BEANS, LIMA

One experiment was established and maintained weed free to evaluate the tolerance of lima beans to preemergence applications of Dual Magnum, Pursuit and Command plus Patoran, as well as postemergence applications of Reflex, Viper, Assure and Select. All of the herbicides were applied at the lx and 2X rate. The preemergence application of Dual Magnum resulted in a slight amount of visual crop injury and a decrease in height at the 2X rate but had no effect on crop yield. The preemergence application of Pursuit resulted in significant visual crop injury 28 DAT, a decrease in plant height at the 2X rate but had no effect on crop yield. The preemergence application of Command plus Patoran resulted in a high amount of leaf bleaching and a decrease in plant height and yield at the 2X rate. The postemergence applications of Reflex and Viper did not result in significant visual crop injury, there was a decrease in plant height at the 2X rate but no effect on crop yield. Some visual crop injury was observed with the postemergence applications of Assure II and Select shortly after application but the crop recovered with no effect on height or yield.

BEANS, SNAP

One experiment was established and maintained weed free to evaluate the tolerance of snap beans to preemergence applications of Dual Magnum, Pursuit and Command plus Patoran, as well as postemergence applications of Reflex, Viper, Assure and Select. All of the herbicides were applied at the lx and 2X rate. The preemergence application of Dual Magnum did not result in significant visual crop injury and had no effect on crop height or yield. The preemergence application of Pursuit at the 2X rate resulted in a decrease in plant height and yield. The preemergence application of Command plus Patoran resulted in significant visual crop injury and a decrease in plant height, but had no effect on crop yield. The postemergence applications of Reflex, Viper, Assure II and Select all resulted in a small amount of visual crop injury, but had no effect on crop height or yield.

Four sites were established with Assure II applied postemergence. Residue samples were collected and have been delivered to the Laboratory Services Division of the University of Guelph for analysis. This completes the requirements for this URMULE submission.

BROCCOLI

One experiment was established and maintained weed free to evaluate the tolerance of broccoli to Dual Magnum (pre-T), Devrinol (pre-T), Dual Magnum + Devrinol (pre--T), Treflan (ppi), Lentagran (post), Lontrel (post), Treflan (ppi) /Lentagran (post), Treflan (ppi)/Lontrel (post) and Treflan (ppi)/Lontrel + Lentagran (post). There was no injury of commercial significance observed with the herbicide treatments evaluated. The postemergence application of Lentagran advanced the maturity slightly as indicated by a greater number of heads harvested on the first harvest date. The herbicide treatments evaluated did not have an affect on the total number of heads/ha harvested or the total yield. The average head size was reduced with the pre-transplant applications of Devrinol and Dual II Magnum and Dual II Magnum plus Devrinol and the postemergence application of Lentagran, and the sequential applications of Treflan (ppi) followed by Lentagran (post) and Treflan (ppi) followed by Lontrel plus Lentagran (post).

CABBAGE

One experiment was established and maintained weed free to evaluate the tolerance of cabbage to Dual Magnum (pre--T), Devrinol (pre--T), Dual Magnum + Devrinol (pre-~T), Treflan (ppi), Lentagran (post), Lontrel (post), Treflan (ppi)/Lentagran (post), Treflan (ppi)/Lontrel (post) and Treflan (ppi)/Lontrel ÷ Lentagran (post). There was no injury of commercial significance, no effect on cabbage head size and no effect on cabbage yield with the herbicide treatments evaluated.

The preplant incorporated, surface pre-transplant and post transplant application of Dual Magnum in cabbage did not have a significant effect on visual crop injury, cabbage head size, number of heads or yield.

CAULIFLOWER

One experiment was established and maintained weed free to evaluate the tolerance of cauliflower to Dual Magnum (pre-T), Devrinol (pre-T), Dual Magnum

+ Devrinol (pre-T), Treflan (ppi), Lentagran (post), Lontrel (post), Treflan (ppi)/Lentagran (post), Treflan (ppi)/Lontrel (post) and Treflan (ppi)/Lontrel ÷ Lentagran (post). There was no injury of commercial significance, no effect on cauliflower head size and no effect on cauliflower yield with the herbicide treatments evaluated.

CORN (SWEET)

Ten experiments were established to evaluate the tolerance of the following herbicides across a number of sweet corn hybrids: Dual II Magnum + atrazine + linuron (pre), mesotrione (pre & post), Basagran (post), Accent (post) and Liberty (post).

The preemergence application of Dual II Magnum + atrazine + linuron resulted in no visual crop injury, and no effect on sweet corn height or yield. This completes the requirements of this URMULE submission.